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There are several reasons for this difficulty. Salinger is now a recluse. Justification is the reason why someone properly holds abelief, the explanation as to why the belief is a true one, or an account of how one knows what one knows. my first topic sentence isabout emotional feelings towards Allie but i don't knw what can i pick for the 2 nd topic sentence. In fact his main goal is to resist maturing. This offends Stradlater, who refuses to answer. The research started by using the strategy of creating links between different relevant aspects of J. D. Salingers life and work, different contexts involved in the production of his fiction, as well as in the production of the Romanian translations and different major studies on translation theories in order to have a strong starting point contribution in the analytic comparative case study between J. D. Salingers novel and its Romanian renditions in order to demonstrate Salingers reception, his impact on Romanian readership and the analysis of the need for a retranslation of his novel. Most translation theorists agree that translation is understood as a transfer process from a foreign languageor a second languageto the mother tongue. The general impression is that the Romanian translation is direct, it does not use so many euphemisms, it has more gains, its language is more modern, closer to the contemporary teenage colloquial speech, and more colorful. Motifs are recurring structures, contrasts, or literary devices that can help to develop and inform the text's major themes. In its broad meaning, the term impliestransmutationand can be illustrated by decoding some ideas and themes expressed, for example, in a poem through the language of music or dance. Words in languages have some definite relation characteristic only to the given language. By continuing well assume youre on board with our What Holden does not yet realize, however, is that he carries his torment with him, inside himself. Salinger uses society as the source of discord in this case to be isolated from. Holden's decision to write about a baseball glove, a subject Stradlater considers unacceptable, leads to their fight, which is one of the factors leading to all the subsequent events in the novel: "All of a sudden, I decided what I'd really do, I'd get the hell out of Pencey--right that same night and all. Generally speaking, the more difficult an expression is to understand and the less sense it makes in a given context, the more likely a translator will recognize it as an idiom. Why is Holden worried about Jane and her date with Stradlater? He travels to New York at Christmastime to make a genuine human connection with another person.. He believes that once you mature you are phony, and he does his best to make sure that he does not become phony. Latest answer posted November 15, 2019 at 6:03:44 PM. For example, Louis Menand said that the early stories of Pulitzer Prize- winner Philip Roth- were affected by J. D. Salinger. He is best known for his book, Catcher in the Rye, a book about a seventeen-year-old teenager, struggling through his teenager years, falling into a depression and trying to understand the real world. But lying to others is also a kind of phoniness, a type of deception that indicates insensitivity, callousness, or even cruelty. What does this reveal about Holden? But if you get on the other side, where there aren't any hot-shots, then what's a game about it? Holden insults him some more, and Stradlater finally leaves the room. She was the daughter of his mother's best friend. Another fight with Stradlater Feb 13, 2023 - Feb 14, 2023 Another lexical peculiarity that was used in this writing is one of the types of the interaction of different types of lexical meaning and this type is an interaction of logical and emotive meaning. But he refuses to acknowledge this fear, expressing it only in a few instancesfor example, when he talks about sex and admits that [s]ex is something I just don't understand. Alliefelt separate from his teammates while playing baseball. Works Cited Salinger, J. D. The Catcher in the Rye. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. And sometimes some mistakes (losses), as well as some gains, are more visible by comparing two or more translations of the same ST. Ionescus translation may have been considered too far-fetched and direct, but this can be explained as the translators desire to make the main character more authentic and closer to the typical Romanian teenager. Language, then, is the heart within the bodies of culture, and it is the interaction between the two that results in the continuation of life-energy. There are many thorns that can mortify us during the translation process, whatever the nature of the text we face, and translators should be aware of them. Using our knowledge of collocational patterns may not always tell us what an idiom means but it could easily help us in many cases to recognize an idiom, particularly one which has a literal as well as a non-literal meaning. "Rather than writing a description of a room or a house, Holden writes a description of his younger brother Allies baseball glove. The Catcher in the Rye. the English Literature by Stulov But it can also be said that a more diversified way of translating the same linguistic structures may indicate a better adaptation to the TL, although the psychological effect on the readers of Holdens linguistic repetitions is not as strong as in the ST. Lodge suggests that Salingerunbeknownst to his critics - was playing a kind of Shandean game. Offering a bold alternative to the famously critical 1961 review of Franny and Zooey in which John Updike concedes that Salingers fiction matches the tint and shape of present American life, but insists that it pays the price. During a great period of searching it was identified three types of translation difficulty: In his article `On Linguistic Aspects of Translation', Jacobson distinguished three types of translation: But Dagut's distinction between `translation' and `reproduction', like Catford's distinction between `literal' and `free' translation does not take into account the view that sees translation as semiotic change. Because Holden depends on his isolation to preserve his detachment from the world and to maintain a level of self-protection, he often sabotages his own attempts to end his loneliness. Salinger had a very big number of important influences as Kafka, Flaubert, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Proust, Keats, Lorca, Rimbaud, Burns, Jane Austen or Coleridge. Observe the cat is scratching right now." Afterward, he smokes a cigarette in the room just to annoy Stradlater. Although the language of the Romanian version is much harsher, stronger and more direct as the original, it is the only way Romanian readers who do not speak English or who did not read the novel in original (depending thus entirely on its translation) can really understand the controversy created around the novel and why so many people censured and banned it. Thus, an important conclusion and argument in favor of C. Ionescus translation is that the first version is full of examples that lead to the idea of the need for a second translation in Romanian, examples which may not have been obvious without such an analytical comparison. In all languages there are typical norms of word combinability. Those which are easily recognizable include expressions which violate truth conditions. The Ducks vanish every winter, but they return every spring. Sapir's thesis, endorsed later by Whorf, is related to the more recent view advanced by the Soviet semiotician; Lotman that language is a modelling system. Paradigmatic equivalence, where there is equivalence of `the elements of a paradigmatic expressive axis', i.e. Salinger seems to be almost identical to Holden in the story. Romanian translation used either obsolete or dialectal / regional words and expressions (or both) through out the novel and this can point out an obvious difference of language use between generations. As the source of the book's title, this symbol merits close inspection. 20% It often used in stylistic purposes and therefore a translator runs into two obstacles: he should avoid and at the same time not to break the norms of translation. Metaphor is transference of some quality from one object to another. It was tried to give a detailed study of the features of translation difficulties. The presence of the hat, therefore, mirrors the central conflict in the book: Holden's need for isolation versus his need for companionship. First, they dont contain all phraseologisms, then because every day new ones are formed, and lastly because dictionaries have a limited length and cannot contain all. Salinger uses loneliness also as a means to change in life. The difficulties while translating are connected most of all with conveyance of national character of one or another work: the brighter it reflects national life the more illuminate characteristic situations the more difficult for the translator to find adequate functional figurative means. To accomplish this matter we are going to focus our attention on several points that are important elements of the lexical peculiarities and translation difficulties and that reflect in an accurate way the main meanig of the writing and more specifically. He died on July 18, 1946 in Maine. Simile is a more cautious form of metaphor. Holden nevertheless does shoot people in his own way: when he is in this cynical frame of mind, he expends all of his mental energy denigrating the people around him. The second type of difficulty is distinguishing between various uses of a word of general vocabulary. If you do, you start missing everybody"? 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved, Essential Quotes by Character: Holden Caulfield. Holden annoys Stradlater by writing the composition about a baseball glove rather than about a room or house, as Stradlater had asked him. Holden does not understand why Allie who was much smarter than him died. She's got the stuff. The practical chapter will single out examples of translation difficulties from the sourse language English and target language Romanian. Salinger has the power to disconnect between his adorated teenagers and phony adults: he magnifies childrens intelligence; so we can say that the kind of language used in this novel is not monotonous. Some of the major conclusions, differences or main observations between English and Romanian versions could be summarized as follows: The Romanian version uses more diverse ways of rendering Holdens speech habits or linguistic repetitions. Quotation). We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. He also says that Allie was an incredibly nice, innocent child. J. D. Salinger is one of the main representatives of the Modern literature which is experimented with a wide variety of new approaches and techniques, producing a remarkably diverse body of literature. Some game. The New Republic, Vol. The conclusion is that generally they have been successfully rendered and they have usually followed the ST.. The first chapter of this study shall define the notion of Translation difficulties and present the representatives of the Modern period and some critics about one of the representative of this period which is J. The general conclusion that can be drawn is that there cannot be a perfect translation, but there can be made efforts to try to find the best version of rendering a text from the SL into the TL. The author used in his novel the comparison to show to the reader the variety and difference in Holdens thoughts. The target-oriented means [to render] a source text in a form that is as natural as possible for the reader of the target text and that conforms to conventional usage in the target language and culture. This twofold approach, social and cultural, can help better understand the whole context in which Salinger produced his literary masterpiece, which in turn can greatly help in understanding the reception of the novel in the two cultures and its status in contemporary society. Equally surprising is Holdens willingness to go to the movies after his diatribes against their superficiality. For example: it was made a calques translation from miles an hour ; the places mentioned in the source text (Hollywood and New York) stay in the target text, although New York is translated into New York, which is the generally accepted Romanian translation (recognized translation). By throwing a tantrum. The problem is to find a translating expression. The interaction of different types of lexical meaning: J. D. Salingers The Cather in the Ray is full of stylistic device that made authors style more clear and sometimes more interesting. He uses the pronoun you all the time, but as we know this could be translated as tu, c-ati, va. The Catcher In the Rye are both among the most important novels of the twentieth century. and how should i write it.. pls and thanks" eNotes Editorial, 27 Mar. All Rights Reserved. There are different kinds of difficulties that appear during the process of translation and one of the main is lexical difficulties which is one of the main .Lexical difficulties in translation deals especially with the word meaning.